History of the Jutt People
From the Zutt of eighth-century Sindh to the canal colonies, Partition and today's worldwide biradari — the story of Punjab's great cultivating community, told in 8 chapters.
Origins and Identity of the Jutts
Who are the Jutts? The origins, identity and etymology of the Jat/Jutt people of Punjab and Pakistan — theories, early references and what historians agree on.
Read chapter →Ancient and Early Medieval References
The earliest references to the Jutt people — the Zutt of Sindh in Arab chronicles, Indus valley pastoralists, and the community's early presence along the rivers of Punjab.
Read chapter →The Medieval Era: Sultans, Saints and Clans
The Jutts in the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal centuries — the rise of the great clans, the Langah Sultanate of Multan, the Sials of Jhang, and the influence of the Sufi saints.
Read chapter →The Eighteenth Century and Sikh Rule
The turbulent 1700s in Punjab — clan resistance, the rise of Sikh power, and how the Muslim Jutt clans of west Punjab weathered the era before British annexation.
Read chapter →The British Era: Canal Colonies and the Army
The colonial transformation of Jutt Punjab — the canal colonies, the Land Alienation Act, the "agricultural tribes" classification, and mass recruitment into the army.
Read chapter →Partition 1947: Division and Resettlement
How the Partition of 1947 divided the Jat/Jutt people between Pakistan and India, and how millions of Muslim Jutt families resettled in Pakistani Punjab.
Read chapter →The Jutts in Modern Pakistan
The Jutt community in Pakistan today — agriculture, the armed forces, politics, business and a worldwide diaspora from the Gulf to Britain and North America.
Read chapter →Clans, Culture and the Biradari System
The gotra/clan system of the Jutts, the biradari and its councils, folk romances like Heer Ranjha, and the living culture of Punjab's Jutt community.
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